Skip Headers

Oracle® Database Net Services Reference 10g Release 2 (10.2) Part Number B14213-01 |
Home | Book List | Contents | Index | Master Index | Feedback

Previous | Next
| View PDF

# Preface

The Oracle Database Net Services Reference contains a complete listing and description of the control utility commands and configuration file parameters available for managing components of Oracle Net Services.

This document describes the features of Oracle Database 10g software that apply to the Microsoft Windows and UNIX operating systems.

This preface contains these topics:

- Audience

- Documentation Accessibility

- Organization

- Related Documentation

- Conventions

## Audience

Oracle Database Net Services Reference is intended for network administrators who are responsible for configuring and administering network components.

To use this document, you need to be familiar with the networking concepts and configuration tasks described in Oracle Database Net Services Administrator's Guide.

## Documentation Accessibility

Our goal is to make Oracle products, services, and supporting documentation accessible, with good usability, to the disabled community. To that end, our documentation includes features that make information available to users of assistive technology. This documentation is available in HTML format, and contains markup to facilitate access by the disabled community. Accessibility standards will continue to evolve over time, and Oracle is actively engaged with other market-leading technology vendors to address technical obstacles so that our documentation can be accessible to all of our customers. For more information, visit the Oracle Accessibility Program Web site at

`http://www.oracle.com/accessibility/`

Accessibility of Code Examples in Documentation

Screen readers may not always correctly read the code examples in this document. The conventions for writing code require that closing braces should appear on an otherwise empty line; however, some screen readers may not always read a line of text that consists solely of a bracket or brace.

Accessibility of Links to External Web Sites in Documentation

This documentation may contain links to Web sites of other companies or organizations that Oracle does not own or control. Oracle neither evaluates nor makes any representations regarding the accessibility of these Web sites.

TTY Access to Oracle Support Services

Oracle provides dedicated Text Telephone (TTY) access to Oracle Support Services within the United States of America 24 hours a day, seven days a week. For TTY support, call 800.446.2398.

## Organization

This document contains:

Part I, "Control Utilities"

Chapter 1, "Listener Control Utility"

This chapter describes the Listener Control utility commands.

Chapter 2, "Oracle Connection Manager Control Utility"

This chapter describes the Oracle Connection Manager Control utility commands.

Part II, "Configuration Parameters"

Chapter 3, "Syntax Rules for Configuration Files"

This chapter describes the syntax rules for networking configuration files.

Chapter 4, "Protocol Address Configuration"

This chapter describes how to configure a protocol address.

Chapter 5, "Profile Parameters (sqlnet.ora)"

This chapter describes the `sqlnet.ora` file parameters.

Chapter 6, "Local Naming Parameters (tnsnames.ora)"

This chapter describes the `tnsnames.ora` file parameters.

Chapter 7, "Listener Parameters (listener.ora)"

This chapter describes the `listener.ora` file parameters.

Chapter 8, "Oracle Connection Manager Parameters (cman.ora)"

This chapter describes the `cman.ora` file parameters.

Chapter 9, "Directory Usage Parameters (ldap.ora)"

This chapter describes the `ldap.ora` file parameters.

Part III, "Appendixes"

Appendix A, "Features Not Supported in this Release"

This appendix describes the control utility commands and parameters no longer supported by Oracle Net Services.

Appendix B, "Upgrade Considerations for Oracle Net Services"

This appendix describes coexistence and upgrade issues for Oracle Net Services.

Appendix C, "LDAP Schema for Oracle Net Services"

This appendix describes the Oracle schema for Oracle Net Services.

Glossary

## Related Documentation

For more information, see these Oracle resources:

- Oracle Database Net Services Administrator's Guide

- Online Help for Net Services tools and utilities

- Oracle Database documentation set

A glossary of Net Services terms is available in the Oracle Net Services Administrator's Guide.

Many books in the documentation set use the sample schemas of the seed database, which is installed by default when you install Oracle. Refer to Oracle Database Sample Schemas for information on how these schemas were created and how you can use them yourself.

Printed documentation is available for sale in the Oracle Store at

    http://oraclestore.oracle.com/

To download free release notes, installation documentation, white papers, or other collateral, please visit the Oracle Technology Network (OTN). You must register online before using OTN; registration is free and can be done at

    http://otn.oracle.com/membership/

If you already have a username and password for OTN, then you can go directly to the documentation section of the OTN Web site at

    http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/

## Conventions

This section describes the conventions used in the text and code examples of this documentation set. It describes:

- Conventions in Text

- Conventions in Code Examples

- Conventions for Windows Operating Systems

Conventions in Text

We use various conventions in text to help you more quickly identify special terms. The following table describes those conventions and provides examples of their use.

Convention | Meaning | Example
--- | --- | ---
Bold | Bold typeface indicates terms that are defined in the text or terms that appear in a glossary, or both. | When you specify this clause, you create an index-organized table.
Italics | Italic typeface indicates book titles or emphasis. | Oracle Database Concepts Ensure that the recovery catalog and target database do not reside on the same disk.
`UPPERCASE monospace (fixed-width) font` | Uppercase monospace typeface indicates elements supplied by the system. Such elements include parameters, privileges, datatypes, RMAN keywords, SQL keywords, SQL*Plus or utility commands, packages and methods, as well as system-supplied column names, database objects and structures, usernames, and roles. | You can specify this clause only for a `NUMBER` column. You can back up the database by using the `BACKUP` command. Query the `TABLE_NAME` column in the `USER_TABLES` data dictionary view. Use the `DBMS_STATS`.`GENERATE_STATS` procedure.
`lowercase monospace (fixed-width) font` | Lowercase monospace typeface indicates executables, filenames, directory names, and sample user-supplied elements. Such elements include computer and database names, net service names, and connect identifiers, as well as user-supplied database objects and structures, column names, packages and classes, usernames and roles, program units, and parameter values. Note: Some programmatic elements use a mixture of UPPERCASE and lowercase. Enter these elements as shown. | Enter `sqlplus` to open SQL*Plus. The password is specified in the `orapwd` file. Back up the datafiles and control files in the `/disk1/oracle/dbs` directory. The `department_id`, `department_name`, and `location_id` columns are in the `hr.departments` table. Set the `QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED` initialization parameter to `true.` Connect as `oe` user. The `JRepUtil` class implements these methods.
`lowercase italic monospace (fixed-width) font` | Lowercase italic monospace font represents placeholders or variables. | You can specify the `parallel_clause`. Run `U` `old_release``.SQL` where `old_release` refers to the release you installed prior to upgrading.

Conventions in Code Examples

Code examples illustrate SQL, PL/SQL, SQL*Plus, or other command-line statements. They are displayed in a monospace (fixed-width) font and separated from normal text as shown in this example:

    SELECT username FROM dba_users WHERE username = 'MIGRATE';

The following table describes typographic conventions used in code examples and provides examples of their use.

Convention | Meaning | Example
--- | --- | ---
    [ ]
| Brackets enclose one or more optional items. Do not enter the brackets. |
    DECIMAL (digits [ , precision ])
    { }
| Braces enclose two or more items, one of which is required. Do not enter the braces. |
    {ENABLE | DISABLE}
    |
| A vertical bar represents a choice of two or more options within brackets or braces. Enter one of the options. Do not enter the vertical bar. |
    {ENABLE | DISABLE}
    [COMPRESS | NOCOMPRESS]
    ...
| Horizontal ellipsis points indicate either: That we have omitted parts of the code that are not directly related to the example That you can repeat a portion of the code |
    CREATE TABLE ... AS subquery;

    SELECT col1, col2, ... , coln FROM employees;
    .
     .
     .
| Vertical ellipsis points indicate that we have omitted several lines of code not directly related to the example. |
    SQL> SELECT NAME FROM V$DATAFILE;
    NAME
    ------------------------------------
    /fsl/dbs/tbs_01.dbf
    /fs1/dbs/tbs_02.dbf
    .
    .
    .
    /fsl/dbs/tbs_09.dbf
    9 rows selected.
Other notation | You must enter symbols other than brackets, braces, vertical bars, and ellipsis points as shown. |
    acctbal NUMBER(11,2);
    acct    CONSTANT NUMBER(4) := 3;
    Italics
| Italicized text indicates placeholders or variables for which you must supply particular values. |
    CONNECT SYSTEM/system_password
    DB_NAME = database_name
    UPPERCASE
| Uppercase typeface indicates elements supplied by the system. We show these terms in uppercase in order to distinguish them from terms you define. Unless terms appear in brackets, enter them in the order and with the spelling shown. However, because these terms are not case sensitive, you can enter them in lowercase. |
    SELECT last_name, employee_id FROM employees;
    SELECT * FROM USER_TABLES;
    DROP TABLE hr.employees;
    lowercase
| Lowercase typeface indicates programmatic elements that you supply. For example, lowercase indicates names of tables, columns, or files. Note: Some programmatic elements use a mixture of UPPERCASE and lowercase. Enter these elements as shown. |
    SELECT last_name, employee_id FROM employees;
    sqlplus hr/hr
    CREATE USER mjones IDENTIFIED BY ty3MU9;

Conventions for Windows Operating Systems

The following table describes conventions for Windows operating systems and provides examples of their use.

Convention | Meaning | Example
--- | --- | ---
Choose Start > | How to start a program. | To start the Database Configuration Assistant, choose Start > Programs > Oracle - HOME_NAME > Configuration and Migration Tools > Database Configuration Assistant.
File and directory names | File and directory names are not case sensitive. The following special characters are not allowed: left angle bracket (<), right angle bracket (>), colon (:), double quotation marks ("), slash (/), pipe (|), and dash (-). The special character backslash (\) is treated as an element separator, even when it appears in quotes. If the file name begins with \\, then Windows assumes it uses the Universal Naming Convention. |
    c:\winnt"\"system32 is the same as C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32
`C:\>` | Represents the Windows command prompt of the current hard disk drive. The escape character in a command prompt is the caret (^). Your prompt reflects the subdirectory in which you are working. Referred to as the command prompt in this manual. |
    C:\oracle\oradata>
Special characters | The backslash (\) special character is sometimes required as an escape character for the double quotation mark (") special character at the Windows command prompt. Parentheses and the single quotation mark (') do not require an escape character. Refer to your Windows operating system documentation for more information on escape and special characters. |
    C:\>exp scott/tiger TABLES=emp QUERY=\"WHERE job='SALESMAN' and sal<1600\"
    C:\>imp SYSTEM/password FROMUSER=scott TABLES=(emp, dept)
    HOME_NAME
| Represents the Oracle home name. The home name can be up to 16 alphanumeric characters. The only special character allowed in the home name is the underscore. |
    C:\> net start OracleHOME_NAMETNSListener
`ORACLE_HOME` and `ORACLE_BASE` | In releases prior to Oracle8i release 8.1.3, when you installed Oracle components, all subdirectories were located under a top level `ORACLE_HOME` directory. For Windows NT, the default location was `C:\orant`. This release complies with Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA) guidelines. All subdirectories are not under a top level `ORACLE_HOME` directory. There is a top level directory called `ORACLE_BASE` that by default is `C:\oracle`. If you install the latest Oracle release on a computer with no other Oracle software installed, then the default setting for the first Oracle home directory is `C:\oracle\ora` `nn`, where `nn` is the latest release number. The Oracle home directory is located directly under `ORACLE_BASE`. All directory path examples in this guide follow OFA conventions. Refer to Oracle Database Platform Guide for Microsoft Windows (32-Bit) for additional information about OFA compliances and for information about installing Oracle products in non-OFA compliant directories. | Go to the `ORACLE_BASE``\``ORACLE_HOME``\rdbms\admin` directory.