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Oracle® Database Programmer's Guide to the Oracle Precompilers 10g Release 2 (10.2) Part Number B14354-01 |
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# Index

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X

## A

  abnormal termination, automatic rollback, F.6.5
  active set, 4.4
    changing, 4.4.2, 4.4.3
  ALLOCATE command, F.4
  allocating, cursors, F.4.2
  ANSI/ISO SQL
    compliance, 1.5
    extensions, 6.7.9
  application development process, 2.2
  array, 9.1
  array fetch, 9.5.1
  array, elements, 9.3
  array, operations, 2.1.8
  ARRAYLEN statement, 5.5.1
  ASACC option, 6.7.1
  ASSUME SQLCODE option, 6.7.2
  AT clause
    CONNECT statement, 3.11.4
    DECLARE CURSOR statement, 3.11.4
    DECLARE STATEMENT statement, 3.11.4
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement, 3.11.4
    of COMMITcommand, F.6.4
    of DECLARE CURSOR command, F.6.4
    of DECLARE STATEMENT command, F.10.5
    of EXECUTE command, F.14.6
    of EXECUTE IMMEDIATE command, F.16.5
    of INSERTcommand, F.18.4
    of SAVEPOINT command, F.22.5
    of UPDATE command, F.24.4
    restrictions, 3.11.4
  AUTO_CONNECToption, 6.7.3
  automatic logon, 3.11.3

## B

  batch fetch, 9.5.1
    example, 9.5.1
    number of rows returned, 9.5.2
  bind descriptor, information in, 10.10.1
  bind variable, 4.5.3, 10.10.1
  binding, 10.5
  blank padding, in multi-byte character strings, 3.10.6
  block data subprogram, used by precompiler, 6.7.4

## C

  callback, user exit, 11.13.1
  CHAR column, maximum width, 3.4.2
  CHAR datatype
    external, 3.4.14
    internal, 3.4.2
  character strings, multi-byte, 3.10.1
  CHARF data type specifier
    using in TYPE statement, 3.8.4
    using in VAR statement, 3.8.4
  CHARF data type, external, 3.4.15
  CHARF datat type specifier, 3.8.4
  CHARZ data type, 3.4.16
  chatracter sets, multi byte, 3.10
  child cursor, 5.6
  CLOSE command, F.5
    examples, F.5.6
  CLOSE statement, 4.4.4, 4.5.5
    example, 4.4.4
  closing, cursors, F.5.1
  code page, 3.9
  column, ROWLABEL, 3.4.12
  comment, 10.12.5
  COMMENT clause, of COMMIT command, F.6.4
  commit, 7.2
    automatic, 7.3
    explicit versus implicit, 7.3
  COMMIT command, F.6
    ending a transaction, F.6.1
    examples, F.6.5
  COMMIT statement, 7.4
    effects, 7.4
    example, 7.4
    RELEASE option, 7.4
    using PL/SQL block, 7.12.3
    where to place, 7.4
  commiting, transactions, F.6.2
  COMMON NAME option, 6.7.4
  communication over a network, 3.11.1
  compilation, 6.10
  compliance, ANSI/ISO, 1.6
  concurency, 7.1
  concurrent logons, 3.11
  conditional precompilation, 6.8
    defining symbols, 6.8.2
    example, 6.8.1
  CONFIG option, 6.4.7, 6.7.5
  configuration file
    system versus user, 6.4.5
  configuration files
    advantages, 6.4.6
  CONNECT statement
    AT clause, 3.11.4
    enabling a semantic check, D.3.2
    USING clause, 3.11.4
  connection
    concurrent, 3.11.5
    default versus non-default, 3.11.2
    implicit, 3.11.6
  CONTINUE action, 8.4.26
  CONTINUE option, of WHENEVER statement, F.26.4
  conventions, Preface
  coventions
    description, Preface
  CREATE PROCEDURE statement, 5.7.1
  creating, savepoints, F.22.1
  CURRENT of cluase, 4.4.5
    example, 4.4.5
    mimicking with ROWID, 9.9
    of embedded SQL DELETE command, F.12.4
    of embedded SQL UPDATE command, F.24.4
    restrictions, 4.4.6
  current row, 2.1.10
  CURRVAL psuedocolumn, 3.4.11
  cursor, 4.4
    allocating, F.4
    association with query, 4.4
    child, 5.6
    closing, F.5
    declaring, 4.4.1
    effects on performance, C.8.1
    explicit versus implicit, 2.1.10
    naming, 4.4.1
    parent, 5.6
    reopening, 4.4.2, 4.4.3
    restricted scope of, 6.9.2
    restrictions, 6.9.2
    using for multiple row query, 4.4
    using more than one, 4.4.1
  cursor cache, 5.6, 5.6, 8.5.4, F.4.1
    gathering stastics about, 8.5.16
  cursor chache
    purpose, C.8.4
  cursor varaible
    opening, 4.5.3
  cursor variable
    closing, 4.5.5
    fetching from, 4.5.4
  cursor, scope, 4.4.1
  cursors
    fetching rows from, F.17
    opening, F.19

## D

  daedlock
    breaking, 7.5.1
  data definition language, 4.1.1
  data definition language (DDL)
    description, 4.1.1
  data integrity, 7.1
  data manipulation language (DML), 4.3
  data type
    host-languages, 3.6
    internal versus external, 2.1.7
    user defined, 3.6
  data type conversion, 3.5
    between internal and external datatypes, 3.5
  data type equivalencing, 3.8
    advantages, 3.8.1
    example, 3.8.3
    guidelines, 3.8.5
  database link
    defining, 3.11.7
    using in DELETE command, F.12.4
    using in delete command, F.12.4
    using in UPDATE command, F.24.4
  database links
    creating a synonym, 3.11.7
  Date data type
    converting, 3.5.1
    default format, 3.5.1
    default value, 3.4.3
    external, 3.4.3
    internal, 3.4.3
    internal format, 3.4.3
  DBMS option, 6.7.6
  deadlock, 7.1
  DECIMAL data type, 3.4.18
  declarartion
    host array, 9.3
    host variable, 3.6
  declaration
    cursor, 4.4.1
    indicator variable, 3.7
    of ORACA, 8.5.1
    SQLCA, 8.3.5
  Declarative SQL statements, 2.1.2
  declarative SQL statements
    using in transactions, 7.3
  declare CURSOR command, F.8.1
    examples, F.8.6
  declare CURSOR statement
  declare DATABASE directive, F.9.1
  declare section, 3.1
    example, 3.1.1
    using more than one, 3.1
  DECLARE statement
    example, 4.4.1
    using in dynamic SQL method 3, 10.9.2
    where to place, 4.4.1
  declare STATEMENT command, F.10.1
    example, F.10.6
    scope of, F.10.5
  DECLARE STATEMENT statement
    AT clause, 3.11.4
    example, 10.11
    using in dynamic SQL, 10.9.2
    when required, 10.11
  DECLARE TABLE command, F.11.1
    example, F.11.6
  DECLARE TABLE statement
    need for with AT clause, 3.11.4
    using with the SQL CHECK option, D.3.3
  declare TABLE statement
    need for with AT clause, 3.11.4
  default connection, 3.11.2
  default database, 3.11.2
  default, setting of LITDELIM option, 6.7.16
  DEFINE option, 6.7.7
  definition, 2.1.10
  delete cascaade, 8.4.17
  DELETE command, F.12.1
    embedded SQL examples, F.12.6
  DELETE statement
    using SQLERRD(3) filed, 9.10
    WHERE clause, 4.3.6
  DEPT table, 2.4
  DESCRIBE command, F.13.1
    example, F.13.6
  DESCRIBE statement, using in dynamic SQL Method 4, 10.10.2
  directory, 3.2
    current, 3.2
    path for INCLUDE files, 3.2
  DISPLAY data type, 3.4.19
  distributed procesing, 3.11
  DO action, 8.4.27
  DO option, of WHENEVER command, F.26.4
  DTP model, 3.13
  dummy host variables, 10.4
  dynamic PL/SQL, 10.12
  dynamic SQL
    advantages and disadvantages, 10.2
    choosing the right method, 10.6.5
    guidelines, 10.6.5
    overview, 10.1
    using PL/SQL, 10.12
    when useful, 10.3
  dynamic SQL Method 1
    command, 10.7.1
    dexcription, 10.7
    example, 10.7.2
    requirements, 10.7.1
  dynamic SQL Method 2
    commands, 10.6.2
    description, 10.8
    example, 10.8.2
    requirements, 10.8
    using PL/SQL, 10.12.2
    using the EXECUTE statement, 10.6.2
    using the PREPARE statement, 10.6.2
  dynamic SQL method 2
    using the DECLARE STATEMENT Statement, 10.11
  dynamic SQL Method 3
    compared to method 2, 10.9
    description, 10.9
    example, 10.9.6
    requirements, 10.9
    using PL/SQL, 10.12.3
    using the CLOSE statement, 10.9.4
    using the DECLARE statement, 10.9.2
    using the FETCH statement, 10.9.4
    using the OPEN statement, 10.9.3
    using the PREPARE statement, 10.9.1
  dynamic SQL method 3
    using the DECLARE STATEMENT Statement, 10.11
  dynamic SQL Method 4
    overview, 10.10
    using descriptors, 10.10
    using SQLDA, 10.10.1
    using the DESCRIBE statement, 10.10.2
    when needed, 10.10
  dynamic SQL method 4
    using the DECLARE STATEMENT Statement, 10.11
  dynamic SQL Method1
    using EXECUTE IMMEDIATE, 10.7.1
    using PL/SQL, 10.12.1
  dynamic SQL Method4
    using PL/SQL, 10.12.4
  dynamic SQL statement, 10.1
    binding of host variables, 10.5
    how processed, 10.5
    requirements, 10.4
    using host arrays, 10.11.1
    using placeholders, 10.4

## E

  embedded PL/SQL
    advantages, 5.1
    cursor for loops, 5.1.3
    example, 5.3.1, 5.3.2
    need for SQL check option, 5.2
    need for USERID check option, 5.2
    packages, 5.1.6
    PL/SQL table, 5.1.7
    requirements, 5.2
    subprograms, 5.1.4
    user-defines record, 5.1.8
    using %TYPE, 5.1.2
    where allowed, 5.1.8
  embedded SQL
    ALLOCATE command, F.4
    CLOSE command, F.5
    COMMIT command, F.6
    CONNECTcommand, F.7
    DECLARE cursor command, F.8
    DECLARE CURSORcommand, F.8
    DECLARE DATABASE command, F.9
    DECLARE STATEMENT command, F.10
    DECLARE TABLE command, F.11
    DELETE command, F.12
    DESCRIBE command, F.13
    EXECUTE command, F.15
    EXECUTE IMMEDIATE command, F.16
    EXECUTEcommand, F.14
    FETCH command, F.17
    INSERT command, F.18
    mixing with host-language statement, 2.1.3
    OPEN command, F.19, F.20
    referencing indicator variables, 3.7.2
    SAVEPOINT command, F.22
    SELECT command, F.23
    UPDATE command, F.24
    VAR command, F.25
    versus interactive SQL, 2.1.3
    WHENEVER command, F.26
  embedded SQL statement
    referencing host-langauage varaibles, 3.6.1
    syntax, 2.1.3
  embedding PL/SQL blocks in Oracle 7 precompiler programs, F.14.1
  EMP table, 2.4
  encoding scheme, 3.9
  equivalencing, data type, 3.8
  error detection, error reporting, F.26.5
  error handling
    alternatives, 8.2
    benefits, 8.1
    error handling
      using the SQLCODE status variable, 8.3.6
    overview, 2.1.12
    SQLCA versus WHENEVER statement, 8.2.2
    SQLCODE status variable, 8.3
    using SQLCA, 8.4
    using the ORACA structure, 8.5
    using the ROLLBACK statement, 7.5
    using the SQLGLM function, 8.4.21, 8.4.33
    using the WHENEVER statement, 8.4.22
  error message
    available in SQLCA, 8.4.11
    maximum length, 8.4.21
    using in error reporting, 8.4.10
    using the SQLGLM function, 8.4.21
  error reporting
    key components, 8.4.5
    using error messages, 8.4.5
    using status codes, 8.4.6
    using the parse error offset, 8.4.9
    using the rows-processed count, 8.4.8
    using the WHENEVER command, 8.4.22
    using warning flags, 8.4.7
  errors options, 6.7.8
  exception, PL/SQL, 5.4.1
  EXEC ORACLE DEFINE statement, 6.8, 6.8
  EXEC ORACLE ELSE statement, 6.8
  EXEC ORACLE ENDIF statement, 6.8
  EXEC ORACLE IFDEF statement, 6.8
  EXEC ORACLE IFNDEF statement, 6.8
  EXEC ORACLE statement
    inline, 6.4.2
    scope of, 6.4.4
    syntax for, 6.4.2
  EXEC SQL clause, 2.1.3
  EXEC TOOLS statements, 11.13
    GET, 11.13.2
    MESSAGE, 11.13.5
    SET, 11.13.1
    SET CONTEXT, 11.13.3, 11.13.4
  executable SQL statement, 2.1.2, F.14, F.14
    example, F.14.6
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE command, F.16
    example, F.16.6
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE statement
    AT clause, 3.11.4
  EXECUTE statement, using in dynamic SQL Method 2, 10.8
  EXPLAIN PLAN statement, using to improve performance, C.5.3
  explicit logon, 3.11.3
    multiple, 3.11.5
    single, 3.11.4
  external datatype, 3.4.13
    CHAR, 3.4.14
    CHARF, 3.4.15
    CHARZ, 3.4.16
    DATE, 3.4.17
    DECIMAL, 3.4.18
    DISPLAY, 3.4.19
    FLOAT, 3.4.20
    INTEGER, 3.4.20, 3.4.21
    LONG, 3.4.22
    LONG VARCHAR, 3.4.24
    LONG VARRAW, 3.4.25
    MLSLABEL, 3.4.26
    NUMBER, 3.4.27
    RAW, 3.4.28
    ROWID, 3.4.29
    STRING, 3.4.30
    UNSIGNED, 3.4.31
    VARCHAR, 3.4.32
    VARCHAR2, 3.4.33
    VARNUM, 3.4.34

## F

  features, new, A
  FETCH command, F.17.1
    examples, F.17.6
    used after OPEN command, F.19.5
  FETCH statement, 4.5.4, 4.5.4
    example, 4.5.4
    INTO clause, 4.5.4
    using the SQERRD(3), 9.10
  fetch, batch, 9.5.1
  fetching, rows from cursors, F.17.1
  FIPS option, 6.7.9
  flag, warning, 8.4.7
  FLOAT datatypes, 3.4.20
  FOR clause, 9.7
    example, 9.7, F.15.4
    of embedded SQL INSERT command, F.18.4
    restrictions, 9.7.1
    using with HOST arrays, 9.7
  FOR UPDATE clause, 4.5.3
  FOR UPDATE OF clause, 7.9.2
  FORCE clause
    of COMMIT command, F.6.4
    of ROLLBACK command, F.21.4
  format mask, 3.5.1
  FORMAT option, 6.7.10
  forward reference, 4.4.1
  full scan, C.6

## G

  GENXTB form, running, 11.10
  globalizaton support, 3.9
    multibyte charecter strings, 3.10
  globalizaton support parameter
    currency, 3.9
    DATE FORMAT, 3.9
    DATE LANGUAGE, 3.9
    ISO CURRENCY, 3.9
    LANGUAGE, 3.9
    NUMERIC CHARACTERS, 3.9
    SORT, 3.9
    TERRITORY, 3.9
  GOTO action, 8.4.28
  GOTO optio, of WHENEVER command, F.26.4
  guidelines
    datatype equivalencing, 3.8.5
    dynamic SQL, 10.6.5
    host variable, 3.6.3
    separate precompilation, 6.9.1
    transactions, 7.12
    user exit, 11.12
    WHENEVER statement, 8.4.32
  guielines
    indicator variables, 3.7.3

## H

  heap, 8.5.4
  hint, optimizer, C.5.1
  hints
    in DELETE statements, F.12.5
    in SELECTstatement, F.23.5
    in UPDATEstatement, F.24.5
  hold cursor, 6.7.11
  HOLD CURSOR option
    of Oracle precompilers, F.5.2
  host array, 9.1
    advantages, 9.2
    declaring, 9.3
    dimensions, 9.3.1
    maximum size, 9.3
    referencing, 9.3.2
    restrictions, 9.5.3, 9.5.6, 9.5.7
    using dynamic SQL statement, 10.11.1
    using in the DELETE statement, 9.5.8
    using in the FOR clause, 9.7
    using in the INSERT statement, 9.5.6
    using in the SELECTstatement, 9.5
    using in the UPDATE statement, 9.5.7
    using in the WHERE clause, 9.8
    using to improve performance, C.3
    when not allowed, 9.4
  host language, 2.1.1
  host option, 6.7.12
  host program, 2.1.1
  host varaible
    in OPEN command, F.19.4
    multi-byte charecter strings, 3.10.4
    undeclare, 3.1
    using in EXEC TOOLS statement, 11.13
    using in PL/SQL, 5.3
  host variable, 4.1
    assigning a value, 2.1.6
    declaring, 3.6
    dummy, 10.4
    host variable equivalencing, F.25.1
    in EXECUTE command, F.15.4
    in OPEN command, F.19.1
    output versus input, 4.1.1
    overview, 2.1.6
  host variables
    using in user exit, 11.4.1
    where allowed, 2.1.6
  host-language datatype, 3.6

## I

  IAF GET statement
    example, 11.4.2
    specifying block and field names, 11.4.2
    using user exit, 11.4.2
  IAF PUT statement
    example, 11.4.3
    specifying block and filed names, 11.4.3
    using user exit, 11.4.3
  IAP, 11.11
  implicit logon, 3.11.6
  implicit logons
    multiple, 3.11.8
    single, 3.11.7
  in doubt transaction, 7.11
  IN OUT parameter modes, 5.1.5
  IN parameter mode, 5.1.5
  INAME option, 6.7.13
    when a file extension is required, 6.1
  INCLUDE file, 3.2
  INCLUDE option, 6.7.14
  INCLUDE statement, 3.2
    using to declare the ORACA, 8.5.1
    using to declare the SQLCA, 8.4.1
  index, using to improve performance, C.6
  indiacator array, 9.1
  indicator varaible, 4.2
  indicator variable
    guidelines, 3.7.3
    referencing, 3.7
  indicator variables
    used to detetc truncated values, 4.2.2
    used with multi-byte charecter strings, 3.10.7
    using in PL/SQL, 5.4
    using to handle nulls, 4.2.1, 4.2.4, 4.2.4
    using to test for nulls, 4.2.6
  input host variable
    restrictions, 4.1.1
    where allowed, 4.1.1
  INSERT command, F.18
    embedded SQL examples, F.18.6
  INSERT of no rows, 8.4.14
    cause of, 8.3.10
  INSERT statement, 4.3.3
    column list, 4.3.3
    example, 4.3.4
    INTO clause, 4.3.3
    using SQLERRD(3), 9.10
  inserting, rows into tables and views, F.18.1
  INTEGER datatype, 3.4.21
  interface
    native, 3.13
    XA, 3.13
  internal datatypes
    CHAR, 3.4.2
    DATE, 3.4.3
    definition, 3.4
    LONG, 3.4.4
    LONG RAW, 3.4.4
    MLSLABEL, 3.4.6
    NUMBER, 3.4.7
    RAW, 3.4.8
    ROWID, 3.4.9
    VARCHAR2, 3.4.10
  INTO clause, 4.1.1, 4.5.4
    FETCH statement, 4.4.3
    INSERT statement, 4.3.3
    of FETCH command, F.17.4
    of SELECT statement, F.23.4
    SELECT statement, 4.3.1
  IRECLEN option, 6.7.15

## J

  julian date, 3.4.3

## K

  keywords, B.2

## L

  language support, 1.1.1
  LDA, 3.12.1
  LEVEL pseudocolumn, 3.4.11
  link, database, 3.11.7
  linking, 6.10
  LITDELIM option, 6.7.16
    purpose, 6.7.16
  LNAME option, 6.7.17
  location transparency, 3.11.7
  LOCK TABLE statement, 7.9.3
    example, 7.9.3
    using the NOWAIT parameter, 7.9.3
  lock, released by ROLLBACK statement, F.21.5
  locking, 7.1, 7.9
    explicit versus implicit, 7.9
    modes, 7.1
    privileges needed, 7.12.2
    using the FOR UPDATE of clause, 7.9.1
    using the LOCK TABLE statement, 7.9.3
  logon
    concurrent, 3.11
    explicit, 3.11.3
  Logon Data Area (LDA), 3.12
  LONG datatype
    comapred with CHAR, 3.4.4
    external, 3.4.22
    internal, 3.4.2
    restriction, 3.4.4
  LONG RAW column, maximum width, 3.4.5
  LONG RAW datatype
    compared with LONG, 3.4.5
    conversion, 3.5.2
    external, 3.4.5
    internal, 3.4.23
  LONG VAR CHAR datatype, 3.4.24
  LONG VARRAW datatype, 3.4.25
  LRECLEN option, 6.7.18
  LTYPE option, 6.7.19

## M

  MAXLITERAL option, 6.7.20
  MAXOPENCURSORS option, 6.7.21
    using for separate precompilation, 6.9.1
    what it affects, C.8
  Migrating to Oracle7
    handling charecter strings, E.1.2
    handling nulls, E.1
    handling truncated alues, E.1.1
  MLSLABEL data type, 3.4.6
  MODE option, 6.7.22
    effect on OPEN, 4.4.2
  mode, parameter, 5.1.5
  monitor, transaction processing, 3.13
  multi-byte character sets, 3.10.4
  MULTISUBPROG option, 6.7.23

## N

  namespaces, reserved by Oracle, B.4
  naming conventions
    cursor, 4.4.1
    SQL* Forms user exit, 11.12.1
  naming of database objects, F.3.5
  native interface, 3.13
  network
    communicating over, 3.11.1
    protocol, 3.11.1
    reducing network traffic, C.4
  NEXTVAL, psuedocolumn, 3.4.11
  nibble, 3.5.2
  NIST, compliance, 1.6
  node, definition, 3.11.2
  NOT FOUND condition
    WHENEVER clause, F.26.4
  notation
    convention, Preface
  NOWAIT
    parameter, 7.9.3
    using the LOCK TABLE statement, 7.9.3
  null
    definition, 2.1.6
    detecting, 4.2.2
    hardcode, 4.2.3
    inserting, 4.2.3
    restrictions, 4.2.6
    retrieving, 4.2.5
    testing for, 4.2.6
  null-terminated string, 3.4.30
  NUMBER data type
    external, 3.4.27
    internal, 3.4.7

## O

  OCI
    declaring LDA, 3.12
    embedding calls, 3.12
  ONAME option, 6.7.25
  OPEN command, F.19
    examples, F.19.6
  OPEN statement, 4.4.2
    example, 4.4.2
    using in dynamic SQL Method 3, 10.9.3
  OPEN_CURSORS parameter, 5.6
  OPEN-FOR statement, 4.5.3
  opening, cursors, F.19
  optimizer hint, C.5.1
  options, precompiler, 6.3
  ORACA, 8.5
    declaring, 8.5.1
    enabling, 8.5.2
    example, 8.5.23
    fields, 8.5.5
    gathering cursor cache statistics, 8.5.16
    ORACABC field, 8.5.7
    ORACAID field, 8.5.6
    ORACCHF flag, 8.5.8
    ORACOC field, 8.5.19
    ORADBGF flag, 8.5.9
    ORAHCHF flag, 8.5.10
    ORAHOC field, 8.5.17
    ORAMOC field, 8.5.18
    ORANEX field, 8.5.22
    ORANOR field, 8.5.20
    ORANPR field, 8.5.21
    ORASFNMC field, 8.5.14
    ORASFNML field, 8.5.14
    ORASLNR field, 8.5.15
    ORASTXTC field, 8.5.13
    ORASTXTF flag, 8.5.11
    ORASTXTL field, 8.5.13
    using more than one, 8.5
  ORACA option, 6.7.26
  ORACABC field, 8.5.7
  ORACAID field, 8.5.6
  ORACCHF flag, 8.5.8
  Oracle Call Interface, 3.12
  Oracle Communications Area, 8.5
  Oracle datatypes, 2.1.7
  Oracle Forms, using the EXEC TOOLS statements, 11.13
  Oracle identifier, how to form, F.3.5
  Oracle indentifiers, how to form, F.3.5
  Oracle keywords, B.2
  Oracle namespaces, B.4
  Oracle Open Gateway, using ROWID datatype, 3.4.29
  Oracle Precompilers
    advantages, 1.2
    function, 1.2
    globalization support, 3.9
    language support, 1.1.1
    new features, A
    running, 6.1
    using PL/SQL, 5.2
    using with OCI, 3.12
  Oracle reserved words, B.1
  Oracle Toolset, 11.13
  ORACOC field, 8.5.19
  ORADBGF flag, 8.5.9
  ORAHCHF flag, 8.5.10
  ORAHOC field, 8.5.17
  ORAMOC field, 8.5.18
  ORANEX field, 8.5.22
  ORANOR field, 8.5.20
  ORANPR field, 8.5.21
  ORASFNMC field, 8.5.14
  ORASFNML field, 8.5.14
  ORASLNR field, 8.5.15
  ORASTXTC field, 8.5.13
  ORASTXTF flag, 8.5.11
  ORASTXTL field, 8.5.13
  ORECLEN option, 6.7.27
  OUT parameter mode, 5.1.5
  output host variable, 4.1.1

## P

  PAGELEN option, 6.7.28
  parameter modes, 5.1.5
  parent cursor, 5.6
  parse, 10.5
  parse error offset, 8.4.9
  parsing dynamic statements, PREPARE command, F.20
  performance
    improving, C.2
    reasons for poor, C.1
  placeholder, duplicate, 10.8
    naming, 10.8.1
    using in dynamic SQL statements, 10.4
  plan, execution, C.5
  PL/SQL, 1.4
    advantages, 1.4
    and the SQLCA, 8.4.20
    blocks, embedded in Oracle7 precompiler programs, F.14.1
    cursor FOR loop, 5.1.3
    exception, 5.4.1
    integrating with server, 5.1.2
    package, 5.1.6
    relationship with SQL, 1.4
    reserved words, B.3
    subprogram, 5.1.4
    user-defined record, 5.1.8
  PL/SQL table, 5.1.7
  precision, 3.4.7
  precompilation, 6.2
    conditional, 6.8
    separate, 6.9
  precompilation unit, 6.5
  precompiler, 1.1
  precompiler command, 6.1
    optional arguments of, 6.3
    required arguments, 6.1
  precompiler directives, EXEC SQL DECLARE DATABASE, F.9
  precompiler options
    abbrevating name, 6.3
    ASACC, 6.7.1
    ASSUME_SQLCODE, 6.7.2
    AUTO_CONNECT, 6.7.3
    COMMON_NAME, 6.7.4
    CONFIG, 6.4.7, 6.7.5
    DBMS, 6.7.6
    DEFINE, 6.7.7
    displaying, 6.3, 6.6
    entering from a configuration file, 6.4.5
    entering inline, 6.4.2
    entering on the command line, 6.4.1
    ERRORS, 6.7.8
    FIPS, 6.7.9
    FORMAT, 6.7.10
    Globalization Support_LOCAL, 6.7.24
    HOLD_CURSOR, 6.7.11
    HOST, 6.7.12
    INAME, 6.7.13
    INCLUDE, 6.7.14
    IRECLEN, 6.7.15
    LITDELIM, 6.7.16
    LNAME, 6.7.17
    LRECLEN, 6.7.18
    LTYPE, 6.7.19
    MAXLITERAL, 6.7.20
    MAXOPENCURSORS, 6.7.21
    MODE, 6.7.22
    MULTISUBPROG, 6.7.23
    ONAME, 6.7.25
    ORACA, 6.7.26
    ORECLEN, 6.7.27
    PAGELEN, 6.7.28
    RELEASE_CURSOR, 6.7.29
    respecifying, 6.5
    scope of, 6.5
    SELECT_ERROR, 6.7.30
    specifying, 6.4
    SQLCHECK, 6.7.31
    syntax for, 6.4.1
    UNSAFE_NULL, 6.7.32
    USERID, 6.7.33
    VARCHAR, 6.7.34, 6.7.34
    XREF, 6.7.35
  PREPARE command, F.20
    examples, F.20.6
  PREPARE statement
    effect on data definition statements, 10.6.2
    using in dynamic SQL, 10.8, 10.9.1
  private SQL area
    association with cursors, 2.1.10
    opening, 2.1.10
    purpose, C.8.4
  Program Global Area (PGA), 5.6
  program termination, 7.7
  programming language support, 1.1.1
  pseudocolumn, 3.4.11
    CURRVAL, 3.4.11
    LEVEL, 3.4.11
    NEXTVAL, 3.4.11
    ROWID, 3.4.11
    ROWNUM, 3.4.11
    SYSDATE, 3.4.11
    UID, 3.4.11
    USER, 3.4.11
  pseudotype, VARCHAR, 3.6.2

## Q

  query, 4.3
    association with cursor, 4.4
    multirow, 4.3
    single-row versus multirow, 4.3.1

## R

  RAW column, maximum width, 3.4.8
  RAW datatype
    compared with CHAR, 3.4.8
    converting, 3.5.2
    external, 3.4.28
    internal, 3.4.8
    restrictions, 3.4.8
  RAWTOHEX function, 3.5.2
  read consistency, 7.1
  READ ONLY parameter, using in SET TRANSACTION, 7.8
  read-only transaction, 7.8
    ending, 7.8
    example, 7.8
  record, user-defined, 5.1.8
  reference
    host array, 9.3.2
    host variable, 3.6
    indicator variable, 3.7
  RELEASE option, 7.7
    COMMIT statement, 7.4
    omitting, 7.7
    restrictions, 7.6
    ROLLBACK statement, 7.5
  RELEASE_CURSOR option, 6.7.29
    of Oracle Precompilers, F.5.5
    using to improve performance, C.8.6
    what it affects, C.8
  remote database, declaration of, F.9.1
  reserved words, B.1
    PL/SQL, B.3
  resource manager, 3.13
  retrieving rows from a table, embedded SQL, F.23.1
  return code, 11.7
  roll back
    to a savepoint, F.22.1
    to the same savepoint multiple times, F.21.5
  rollabck
    statement-level, 7.5.1
  rollback
    automatic, 7.5
    purpose, 7.2
  ROLLBACK command, F.21
    ending a transaction, F.21.5
    examples, F.21.6
  rollback segment, 7.1
  ROLLBACK Statement, 7.5
  ROLLBACK statement
    effects, 7.5
    example, 7.5
    RELEASE option, 7.5
    TO SAVEPOINT clause, 7.6
    using in a PL/SQL block, 7.12.3
    using in error-handling routines, 7.5
    where to place, 7.5
  rolling back, transactions, F.21
  row lock
    acquiring with FOR UPDATE OF, 7.9.1
    using to improve performance, C.7
    when acquired, 7.9.2
    when released, 7.9.2
  ROWID datatype
    external, 3.4.29
    internal, 3.4.9
  ROWID pseudocolumn, 3.4.11
    using to mimic CURRENT OF, 7.10, 9.9
  ROWLABEL column, 3.4.12
  ROWNUM pseudocolumn, 3.4.11
  rows
    fetching from cursors, F.17
    inserting into tables and views, F.18
    updating, F.24
  rows-processed count, 8.4.17
    using in error reporting, 8.4.8

## S

  sample database table
    DEPT table, 2.4
    EMP table, 2.4
  savepoint, 7.6
  SAVEPOINT command, F.22
    example, F.22.5
  SAVEPOINT statement, 7.6
    example, 7.6
  savepoint, when erased, 7.6
  SAVEPOINTS parameter, 7.6
  savepoints, creating, F.22
  scale, 3.4.7
    definition of, 3.8.2
    when negative, 3.8.2
  scope
    of DECLARE STATEMENT command, F.10.5
    of precompiler options, 6.5
    of the EXEC ORACLE statement, 6.4.4
    WHENEVER statement, 8.4.31
  search condition, 4.3.7
    using in the WHERE clause, 4.3.7
  SELECT command, F.23
    embedded SQL examples, F.23.6
  select descriptor, information in, 10.10
  select list, 4.3.1
  SELECT statement, 4.3.1
    available clauses, 4.3.2
    example, 4.3.1
    INTO clause, 4.3.1
    using host arrays, 9.5
    using the SQLERRD(3) field, 9.10
  SELECT_ERROR option, 4.3.1, 6.7.30
  semantic checking, D.1
    enabling, D.3.1
    using the SQLCHECK option, D.2
  separate precompilation, 6.9
    guidelines, 6.9.1
    restrictions, 6.9.2
  session, 7.1
  sessions, beginning, F.7
  SET clause, 4.3.5
    using a subquery, 4.3.5
  SET TRANSACTION statement, 7.8
    example, 7.8
    READ ONLY parameter, 7.8
    restrictions, 7.8
  snapshots, 7.1
  SQL code, returned by SQLGLS function, 8.4.33
  SQL Communications Area, 8.4
  SQL Descriptor Area, 10.10.1
  SQL standards conformance, 1.6.1
  SQL statement
    controlling transactions, 7.2
    executable versus declarative, 2.1.2
    optimizing to improve performance, C.5
    static versus dynamic, 2.1.4
    using to control a cursor, 4.3, 4.4
    using to manipulate Oracle data, 4.3
  SQL*Connect, using ROWID datatype, 3.4.29
  SQL*Forms
    Display Error screen, 11.7
    IAP Constants, 11.7.1
    returning values to, 11.7
    Reverse Return Code switch, 11.7
    user exit, 11.1
  SQL*Net
    concurrent logons, 3.11
    connection syntax, 3.11.1
    function of, 3.11.1
    using to connect to Oracle, 3.11
  SQL*Plus, 1.3
  SQL, summary of commands, F.1
  SQL_CURSOR, F.4.2
  SQL92
    conformance, 1.6.1
    deprecated feature, 8.2.1
    minimum requirement, 1.6.1
  SQLCA, 3.3, 8.4
    components set for a PL/SQL block, 8.4.20
    declaring, 8.4.1
    explicit versus implicit checking, 8.2.2
    fields, 8.4.11
    interaction with Oracle, 3.3
    using in separate precompilations, 6.9.1
    using more than one, 8.4
    using with SQL*Net, 8.4
  SQLCABC filed, 8.4.13
  SQLCAID field, 8.4.12
  SQLCHECK option, 6.7.31
    restrictions, D.2
    using the DECLARE TABLE statement, D.3.1
    using to check syntax, D
  SQLCODE field, 8.4.14
  SQLCODE status variable, 8.3
  SQLCODE variable, interpreting values of, 8.3.10
  SQLERRD, 8.4.17
  SQLERRD(3) field, 9.10
    purpose, 8.4.8
    using with the FETCH statement, 9.10
  SQLERRD(3) filed
    using with batch fetch, 9.5.2
  SQLERRD(5) field, 8.4.17
  SQLERRMC field, 8.4.15
  SQLERRML field, 8.4.15
  SQLERROR condition, 8.4.24
  SQLERROR, WHENEVER command condition, F.26.4
  SQLFC parameter, 8.4.33
  SQLGLM function, 8.4.21
    example, 8.4.21
  SQLGLS function
    parameters, 8.4.33
    restrictions, 8.4.33
    SQL codes returned by, 8.4.33
    syntax, 8.4.33
    using to obtain SQL text, 8.4.33
  SQLIEM function
    replacement for, 11.13
    using in user exit, 11.7.2
  SQLLDA routine, 3.12.1
  SQLSTATE status variable, 8.2
    class code, 8.3.11
    coding scheme, 8.3.11
    declaring, 8.3.7
    error handling
      SQLSTATE status variable, 8.3
    interpreting values, 8.3.11
    predefined status code and conditions, 8.3.11
    subclass code, 8.3.11
  SQLSTM parameter, 8.4.33
  SQLWARN, 8.4.18
  SQLWARN flags, 8.4.18
  SQLWARNING condition, 8.4.23
  SQLWARNING, WHENEVER command condition, F.26.4
  statement-level rollback, 7.5.1
    breaking deadlocks, 7.5.1
  status code, 8.4.6
  STMLEN parameter, 8.4.33
  STOP action, 8.4.29
  STOP option, of WHENEVER command, F.26.4
  stored subprogram, 5.7
    calling, 5.7.2
    creating, 5.7.1
    packaged versus standalone, 5.7
    stored versus inline, C.4
    using to improve performance, C.4
  STRING datatype, 3.4.30
  string-comparison semantics, E.1.2
  subprogram, PL/SQL, 5.1.4, 5.7
  subquery, 4.3.4
    example, 4.3.4, 4.3.5
    using in the SET clause, 4.3.5
    using in the VALUES clause, 4.3.4
  syntactic checking, D.1
  syntax diagram
    description of, F.3
    how to read, F.3
    how to use, F.3
    symbols used in, F.3
  syntax, embedded SQL, 2.1.3
  SYSDATE function, 3.4.11
  system failure, effect on transactions, 7.3
  System Global Area (SGA), 5.7

## T

  table lock
    acquiring with LOCK TABLE, 7.9.3
    exclusive, 7.9.3
    row share, 7.9.3
    when released, 7.9.3
  tables
    inserting rows into, F.18
    updating rows in, F.24
  TO clause, of ROLLBACK command, F.21.4
  TO SAVEPOINT clause, 7.6
    restrictions, 7.6
    using in ROLLBACK statement, 7.6
  trace facility, using to improve performance, C.5.3
  transaction, 7.2
    subdividing with savepoints, 7.6
    undoing, 7.5
    undoing parts of, 7.6
    when rolled back automatically, 7.3, 7.5
  transaction processing
    overview, 2.1.11
    statements used, 2.1.11
  transaction, contents, 2.1.11, 7.3
    guidelines, 7.12
    how to begin, 7.3
    how to end, 7.3
    in-doubt, 7.11
    making permanent, 7.4
  transaction, read-only, 7.8
  transactions
    committing, F.6
    distributed, F.21.8
    rolling back, F.21
  truncated value, 5.4.2
    detecting, 4.2.2
  truncation error, when generated, 4.2.7
  tuning, performance, C.1
  TYPE statement, using the CHARF datatype specifier, 3.8.4

## U

  UID function, 3.4.11
  unconditional delete, 8.4.18
  undo a transaction, F.21.1
  UNSAFE_NULL option, 6.7.32, A.1
  UNSIGNED datatype, 3.4.31
  update cascade, 8.4.17
  UPDATE command, F.24
    embedded SQL examples, F.24.6
  UPDATE statement, 4.3.5
    example, 4.3.5
    SET clause, 4.3.5
    using host arrays, 9.5.7
    using SQLERRD(3), 9.10
  updating, rows in tables and views, F.24
  user exit, 11.1
    calling from a SQL*Forms trigger, 11.5
    common uses, 11.2
    example, 11.8
    guidelines, 11.12
    linking into IAP, 11.11
    meaning of codes returned by, 11.7
    naming, 11.12.1
    passing parameters, 11.6
    requirements for variables, 11.4.1
    running the GENXTB form, 11.10
    statements allowed in, 11.4
    steps in developing, 11.3
    using EXEC IAF statements, 11.4.2
    using EXEC TOOLS statements, 11.13
    using the WHENEVER statement, 11.7.3
  USER function, 3.4.11
  user session, 7.1
  user-defined datatype, 3.6
  user-defined record, 5.1.8
  USERID option, 6.7.33
    using with the SQLCHECK option, D.3.1
  USING clause
    CONNECT statement, 3.11.4
    of FETCH command, F.17.4
    of OPEN command, F.19.4
    using in the EXECUTE statement, 10.8.1
    using indicator variables, 10.8.1
  using dbstring, SQL*Net database id specification, F.7.4

## V

  VALUES clause
    INSERT statement, 4.3.3
    of embedded SQL INSERT command, F.18.4
    of INSERT command, F.18.4
    using a subquery, 4.3.4
  VAR command, F.25
    examples, F.25.6
  VAR statement, 3.8.2
    parameters, 3.8.2
    using the CHARF datatype specifier, 3.8.4
  VARCHAR datatype, 3.4.32
  VARCHAR pseudotype, 3.6.2, 5.3.3
    maximum length, 3.6.2
    using with PL/SQL, 5.3.3
  VARCHAR, precompiler option, 6.7.34
  VARCHAR2 column
    maximum width, 3.4.10
  VARCHAR2 datatype
    external, 3.4.33
    internal, 3.4.10
  variable, 2.1.6
  VARNUM datatype, 3.4.34
    example of output value, 3.8.5
  VARRAW, 3.4.35
  VARRAW datatype, 3.4.35
  views
    inserting rows into, F.18.1
    updating rows in, F.24.1

## W

  warning flag, 8.4.7
  when empty, 4.4.3
  WHENEVER command, F.26
    example, F.26.6
  WHENEVER statement, 8.4.22
    check SQLCA automatically, 8.4.22
    CONTINUE action, 8.4.26
    DO action, 8.4.27
    examples, 8.4.30
    GOTO action, 8.4.28
    guidelines, 8.4.32
    handling end-of-data conditions, 8.4.32
    maintaining addressability, 8.4.32
    NOT FOUND condition, 8.4.25
    overview, 2.1.12
    scope, 8.4.31
    SQLERROR condition, 8.4.24
    SQLWARNING condition, 8.4.23
    STOP action, 8.4.29
    where to place, 8.4.32
  WHERE Clause
    DELETE statement, 4.3.6
  WHERE clause, 4.3.7
    of DELETE command, F.12.4
    of UPDATE command, F.24.4
    search condition, 4.3.7
    SELECT statement, 4.3.1
    UPDATE statement, 4.3.5
    using host arrays, 9.8
  WORK option
    of COMMIT command, F.6.4
    of ROLLBACK command, F.21.4

## X

  XA interface, 3.13
  X/Open application, 3.13
  XREF option, 6.7.35